| Expression pattern: |
UP |
| Associated gene: |
ATG16L1, IGF2BP1 |
| Associated microRNA: |
miR-346, miR-874-3p |
| Biological function: |
promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion; inhibits apoptosis; promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis |
| Molecular mechanism: |
m6A modification increases circMDK stability via IGF2BP1 binding; circMDK functions as a ceRNA sponging miR-346 and miR-874-3p to upregulate ATG16L1 and activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling |
| Biological pathway or process: |
PI3K/AKT/mTOR (promotes); proliferation (promotes); migration (promotes); invasion (promotes); apoptosis (inhibits); ceRNA regulation (other); m6A modification (promotes) |
| Detected method: |
Q
S
|
| Validation methods: |
RNA-seq; RT-qPCR; Back-Splice Junction PCR / divergent primers PCR; Sanger Sequencing; RNase R Treatment; Actinomycin D / DRB Stability Assay; Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Fractionation; FISH / smFISH; RNA Pull-Down; RIP (RNA Immunoprecipitation); Luciferase Reporter Assay; Transfection; CCK8; Colony Formation Assay; Transwell Assay; Annexin V/PI Flow Cytometry; Western Blot; Clinical Sample Validation; Survival Analysis; In Vivo Animal Model; H&E Staining; IF (Immunofluorescence); IHC (Immunohistochemistry); TUNEL |
| Clinical significance: |
The elevated expression of circMDK was significantly correlated with a higher TNM stage in HCC patients; higher expression of circMDK conferred a poorer prognosis |
| Description: |
circMDK (hsa_circ_0095868), derived from MDK exon 5, is up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes proliferation, migration and invasion while inhibiting apoptosis. It acts as a ceRNA by sponging miR-346 and miR-874-3p to upregulate ATG16L1 and activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling, and its increased level is linked to poor prognosis; m6A-related binding by IGF2BP1 enhances circMDK stability. |
| Confidence score: |
0.8854 |