| Expression pattern: |
UP |
| Associated gene: |
FUS, Gli1, SMO, PTCH1 |
| Associated microRNA: |
- |
| Biological function: |
promotes self-renewal and proliferation of brain cancer stem cells and promotes tumorigenicity in vivo; activates Hedgehog signaling in glioblastoma |
| Molecular mechanism: |
circ-SMO encodes SMO-193a.a.; SMO-193a.a. interacts with SMO to enhance SMO cholesterol modification and release SMO from PTCH1 inhibition; circ-SMO/SMO-193a.a. is positively regulated by FUS (a Gli1 transcriptional target), forming a positive feedback loop (Shh/Gli1/FUS/SMO-193a.a.) sustaining Hedgehog signaling |
| Biological pathway or process: |
Hedgehog (promotes); stemness (promotes); proliferation (promotes) |
| Detected method: |
Q
B
H
S
|
| Validation methods: |
RNA-seq; Bioinformatics Analysis; RT-qPCR; Clinical Sample Validation; Survival Analysis; Back-Splice Junction PCR / divergent primers PCR; Sanger Sequencing; RNase R Treatment; Actinomycin D / DRB Stability Assay; Northern Blot; FISH / smFISH; Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Fractionation; Transfection; In Vivo Animal Model; IHC (Immunohistochemistry); TUNEL; Western Blot; RIP (RNA Immunoprecipitation); RNA Pull-Down; Co-IP; Luciferase Reporter Assay; CCK8; EdU Staining; Colony Formation Assay |
| Clinical significance: |
circ-SMO is highly expressed in GBM clinical samples compared with paired normal brain tissues and its expression level predicted worse prognosis; Gli1 expression was positively correlated with circ-SMO/SMO-193a.a. |
| Description: |
circ-SMO (hsa_circ_0001742), derived from the SMO gene, is up-regulated in glioblastoma/CSCs and mainly localized in the cytoplasm. It encodes the protein SMO-193a.a., which binds SMO, enhances SMO cholesterol modification, and promotes Shh-induced Hedgehog signaling activation, thereby supporting CSC self-renewal/proliferation and in vivo tumorigenicity. High circ-SMO expression is associated with worse overall survival in a GBM patient cohort. |
| Confidence score: |
0.8979 |