| Expression pattern: |
DN |
| Associated gene: |
Tgf-beta2, smad3 |
| Associated microRNA: |
miR-1305 |
| Biological function: |
Promotes bladder cancer progression by inducing EMT; promotes proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. |
| Molecular mechanism: |
Acts as a miRNA sponge for miR-1305, elevating Tgf-beta2 and activating Tgf-beta2/smad3 signaling to induce EMT. |
| Biological pathway or process: |
TGF-beta/SMAD (promotes); EMT (promotes); proliferation (promotes); migration (promotes); invasion (promotes); metastasis (promotes); ceRNA regulation (promotes) |
| Detected method: |
Q
S
|
| Validation methods: |
RNA-seq; RT-qPCR; Back-Splice Junction PCR / divergent primers PCR; RNase R Treatment; Sanger Sequencing; FISH / smFISH; Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Fractionation; RNA Pull-Down; Luciferase Reporter Assay; Transfection; CCK8; Colony Formation Assay; Wound Healing Assay; Transwell Assay; Western Blot; In Vivo Animal Model; Survival Analysis; Clinical Sample Validation; Cohort Study |
| Clinical significance: |
Higher circRIP2 level indicates better patients’ outcome and negatively associates with grade, stage and metastasis. |
| Description: |
circRIP2 is down-regulated in bladder cancer tissues and higher levels correlate with less aggressive clinicopathologic features and better survival. Functionally, circRIP2 promotes proliferation, migration/invasion and tumor growth, and induces EMT by sponging miR-1305 to upregulate Tgf-beta2 and activate SMAD3 signaling. |
| Confidence score: |
0.8702 |