| Expression pattern: |
UP |
| Associated gene: |
GREMLIN2 (GREM2), GREM2, JNK, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin |
| Associated microRNA: |
miR-375 |
| Biological function: |
Promotes pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, DNA replication, invasion, metastasis, tumorigenicity, and EMT-related malignant phenotypes. |
| Molecular mechanism: |
circZFR acts as a cytoplasmic miRNA sponge for miR-375, upregulates GREM2, activates the GREM2/JNK signaling pathway, and modulates EMT proteins. |
| Biological pathway or process: |
ceRNA regulation (promotes); proliferation (promotes); invasion (promotes); metastasis (promotes); EMT (promotes); MAPK (promotes); other pathway/process (promotes) |
| Detected method: |
Q
M
|
| Validation methods: |
Back-Splice Junction PCR / divergent primers PCR; RNase R Treatment; Actinomycin D / DRB Stability Assay; RT-qPCR; FISH / smFISH; Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Fractionation; Clinical Sample Validation; Luciferase Reporter Assay; RNA Pull-Down; Transfection; CCK8; EdU Staining; Transwell Assay; Western Blot; In Vivo Animal Model; Survival Analysis; Bioinformatics Analysis |
| Clinical significance: |
High circZFR expression correlates with lymph node metastasis and poor overall and disease-free survival; circZFR is proposed as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer. |
| Description: |
circZFR is upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines, and high expression is associated with lymph node metastasis and poor overall and disease-free survival. Functionally, circZFR promotes pancreatic cancer proliferation, invasion, tumorigenicity, and EMT-related malignant behavior. Mechanistically, circZFR sponges miR-375 to increase GREM2 expression and activate the GREM2/JNK signaling pathway. |
| Confidence score: |
0.8632 |