| Expression pattern: |
UP |
| Associated gene: |
IL-4, PD-L1, CD163 |
| Associated microRNA: |
- |
| Biological function: |
promotes M2-like TAM polarization, enhances PD-L1 expression, promotes migration, and facilitates tumor immune escape in breast cancer |
| Molecular mechanism: |
circWWC3 up-regulates IL-4 expression and secretion in breast cancer cells, which in turn promotes M2 macrophage polarization and increases PD-L1 expression in TAMs and tumor cells (partly via JAK-STAT signaling as context for IL-4→PD-L1). |
| Biological pathway or process: |
JAK/STAT (promotes); immune regulation (promotes); migration (promotes); metastasis (promotes) |
| Detected method: |
Q
H
|
| Validation methods: |
Microarray; RT-qPCR; FISH / smFISH; Clinical Sample Validation; Cohort Study; Survival Analysis; Transfection; Western Blot; ELISA; Transwell Assay; Flow Cytometry（Non-apoptosis/cycle）; Luciferase Reporter Assay; In Vivo Animal Model |
| Clinical significance: |
high expression of circWWC3 was associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival of breast cancer patients |
| Description: |
In breast cancer, circWWC3 promotes tumor progression by increasing IL-4 expression/secretion from tumor cells, which drives M2-like macrophage polarization and elevates PD-L1 in both TAMs and cancer cells, contributing to immune escape and enhanced migration. High circWWC3 expression in patient tissues correlates with worse OS/DFS. |
| Confidence score: |
0.7564 |