| Expression pattern: |
UP |
| Associated gene: |
HMGA2, AGO2 |
| Associated microRNA: |
miR-409-3p |
| Biological function: |
promotes tamoxifen resistance, proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibits apoptosis in breast cancer; knockdown enhances tamoxifen sensitivity and suppresses tumor growth in vivo |
| Molecular mechanism: |
circTRIM28 acts as a ceRNA (miRNA sponge) for miR-409-3p, derepressing HMGA2 |
| Biological pathway or process: |
chemoresistance (promotes); proliferation (promotes); apoptosis (inhibits); migration (promotes); invasion (promotes) |
| Detected method: |
Q
|
| Validation methods: |
RT-qPCR; Western Blot; divergent primers PCR; RNase R Treatment; Actinomycin D / DRB Stability Assay; Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Fractionation; Clinical Sample Validation; Survival Analysis; Transfection; CCK8; EdU Staining; Colony Formation Assay; Annexin V/PI Flow Cytometry; Transwell Assay; Luciferase Reporter Assay; RNA Pull-Down; RIP (RNA Immunoprecipitation); In Vivo Animal Model; IHC (Immunohistochemistry); H&E Staining; Bioinformatics Analysis |
| Clinical significance: |
High circTRIM28 expression is associated with lower post-operative survival and with advanced clinicopathologic features (TNM grade, lymph node metastasis, tumor size). |
| Description: |
circTRIM28 is upregulated in breast cancer, particularly in tamoxifen-resistant tissues/cells, and high expression is associated with worse post-operative survival. Functionally, circTRIM28 promotes malignant behaviors and tamoxifen resistance by sponging miR-409-3p to increase HMGA2, while its knockdown enhances tamoxifen sensitivity and suppresses xenograft tumor growth. |
| Confidence score: |
0.8819 |